Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome

Ramanathan Aravind Selvin Kumar; Karuppiah Balakrishnan; Vijayan Murali; Raju Kamaraj; Mani Dhivakar; Chinniah Rathika; Thirunavukkarasu Manikandan; Ravi Padma Malini; Krishnan Jeyaram Illiayaraja; Senguttuvan Prabha

doi:10.7555/JBR.32.20150095

Volume 33 Issue 3

Apr. 2019

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The Journal of Biomedical Research > 2019 > 33(3): 201-207. > DOI: 10.7555/JBR.32.20150095

Ramanathan Aravind Selvin Kumar, Karuppiah Balakrishnan, Vijayan Murali, Raju Kamaraj, Mani Dhivakar, Chinniah Rathika, Thirunavukkarasu Manikandan, Ravi Padma Malini, Krishnan Jeyaram Illiayaraja, Senguttuvan Prabha. Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome[J]. The Journal of Biomedical Research, 2019, 33(3): 201-207. DOI: 10.7555/JBR.32.20150095

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Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome

1.
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600008, India
2.
Department of Medical Genetics, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600032, India
3.
Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625021, India
4.
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
5.
Department of Clinical Research, Narayana Health City, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
6.
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Mehta's Children's Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600031, India

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Corresponding author:
Dr. Prabha Senguttuvan, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Mehta's Children's Hospital, No.2, Mc Nichols road, 3^rd lane, Chetpet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600031, India. Tel: + 91-98405-84298, E-mail: prabha.sengu@gmail.com
Received Date: July 12, 2015
Revised Date: January 22, 2016
Accepted Date: February 10, 2016
Available Online: March 12, 2016

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Abstract

Abstract

Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common childhood kidney diseases. It is mostly found in the age group of 2 to 8 years. Around 10%–15% of nephrotic syndrome cases are non-responders of steroid treatment (SRNS). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (I/D) gene association studies are important for detecting kidney disease and herein we assessed the association of ACE (I/D) polymorphism with nephrotic syndrome in South Indian children. We recruited 260 nephrotic syndrome (162 boys and 98 girls) and 218 (140 boys and 78 girls) control subjects. ACE I/D polymorphism was analyzed by PCR using genotype allele specific primers. In ACE (I/D), we did not find significant association for the ungrouped data of nephrotic syndrome children and the control subjects. Kidney biopsies were done in 86 nephrotic syndrome cases (minimal change disease, n = 51; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, n = 27; diffuse mesangial proliferation, n = 8). We segregated them into the minimal change disease / focal segmental glomerulosclerosis groups and observed that the ACE 'D' allele was identified with borderline significance in cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and the 'Ⅰ' allele was assessed as having very weak association in cases of minimal change disease. 'Ⅱ' genotype was weakly associated with minimal change disease. Gender specific analysis revealed weak association of 'ID' genotype with female nephrotic syndrome in females. Dominant expression of DD genotype was observed in males with nephrotic syndrome. Our finding indicated that ACE (I/D) has moderate association with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, due to the limited number of biopsy proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis subjects enrolled, further studies are required to confirm these results.
- angiotensin converting enzyme,
- focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,
- minimal change disease,
- nephrotic syndrome

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References

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