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  • ISSN 1674-8301
  • CN 32-1810/R
Volume 32 Issue 4
Jun.  2018
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Article Contents
Huanyu Ni, Yixuan Song, Haiyin Wu, Lei Chang, Chunxia Luo, Dongya Zhu. 2-Methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine, an edaravone analog, exerts neuroprotective effects against acute ischemic injury via inhibiting oxidative stress[J]. The Journal of Biomedical Research, 2018, 32(4): 270-280. DOI: 10.7555/JBR.32.20180014
Citation: Huanyu Ni, Yixuan Song, Haiyin Wu, Lei Chang, Chunxia Luo, Dongya Zhu. 2-Methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine, an edaravone analog, exerts neuroprotective effects against acute ischemic injury via inhibiting oxidative stress[J]. The Journal of Biomedical Research, 2018, 32(4): 270-280. DOI: 10.7555/JBR.32.20180014

2-Methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine, an edaravone analog, exerts neuroprotective effects against acute ischemic injury via inhibiting oxidative stress

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This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (31530091,91232304), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1306703) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20140905),and by the Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine. We thank Nanjing Zhongrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. for the technical assistance.

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  • Received Date: January 31, 2018
  • Revised Date: March 12, 2018
  • Oxidative stress plays an indispensable role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. Inhibiting oxidative stress has been considered as an effective approach for stroke treatment. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, has been shown to prevent cerebral ischemic injury. However, the clinical efficacy of edaravone is limited because it has a low scavenging activity for superoxide anions (O2$–). Here, we report that 2-methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3] oxazin-5-imine, a novel small-molecule compound structurally related to edaravone, showed a stronger inhibitory effect on oxidative stress in vitro. In vivo, 2-methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine reversed transient middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced dysfunctions of superoxide dismutases and malondialdehyde, two proteins crucial for oxidative stress,suggesting a strengthened antioxidant system. Moreover, 2-methyl-5H-benzo[d] pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine decreased blood brain barrier permeability. Then, we found that 2-methyl-5Hbenzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine had a stronger neuroprotective effect than edaravone. More importantly, 2-methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine decreased not only infarct size and neurological deficits in the acute phase but also modified neurological severity score and escape latency in Morris water maze task in the delayed period, indicating enhanced neuroprotection, sensorimotor function and spatial memory. Together, thesevfindings suggest that 2-methyl-5H-benzo[d]pyrazolo[5,1-b][1,3]oxazin-5-imine could be a preferable option for stroke treatment.

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