Postprandial dyslipidemia in insulin resistant states in adolescent populations

Higgins Victoria; Adeli Khosrow

doi:10.7555/JBR.34.20190094

Volume 34 Issue 5

Sep. 2020

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The Journal of Biomedical Research > 2020 > 34(5): 328-342. > DOI: 10.7555/JBR.34.20190094

Higgins Victoria, Adeli Khosrow. Postprandial dyslipidemia in insulin resistant states in adolescent populations[J]. The Journal of Biomedical Research, 2020, 34(5): 328-342. DOI: 10.7555/JBR.34.20190094

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Postprandial dyslipidemia in insulin resistant states in adolescent populations

Higgins Victoria^{1, 2},
Adeli Khosrow^{1, 2, ,}

1.
Molecular Medicine and Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children
2.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada

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Corresponding author:
Khosrow Adeli, Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Tel: +1-416-813-8682, E-mail: khosrow.adeli@sickkids.ca
Received Date: June 25, 2019
Revised Date: October 27, 2019
Accepted Date: November 12, 2019
Available Online: January 29, 2020

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Abstract

Abstract

Obesity and the metabolic syndrome are becoming increasingly prevalent not only in adults, but also in adolescents. The metabolic syndrome, a complex cluster of metabolic abnormalities, increases one's risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dyslipidemia, a key component of the metabolic syndrome, is highly associated with insulin resistance and contributes to increased CVD risk. Dyslipidemia has traditionally been assessed using a fasting lipid profile [i.e. fasting triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]. However, the postprandial state predominates over the course of a day and non-fasting triglycerides independently predict CVD risk. In insulin resistant states, the intestine overproduces triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particles, termed chylomicrons (CMs), following ingestion of a fat-containing meal, as well as in the fasting state. Along with elevated hepatic TRLs (i.e. very-low density lipoproteins), CMs contribute to remnant lipoprotein accumulation, small dense LDL particles, and reduced HDL-C, which collectively increase CVD risk. Given the early genesis of atherosclerosis and physiological metabolic changes during adolescence, studying postprandial dyslipidemia in the adolescent population is an important area of study. Postprandial dyslipidemia in the pediatric population poses a significant public health concern, warranting a better understanding of its pathogenesis and association with insulin resistance and CVD. This review discusses the metabolic syndrome, focusing on the link between insulin resistance, postprandial dyslipidemia, and CVD risk. Furthermore, the clinical significance and functional assessment of postprandial dyslipidemia, specifically in the adolescent population, is discussed in more detail.
- dyslipidemias,
- insulin resistance,
- obesity,
- adolescent,
- apolipoprotein B-48,
- lipoproteins

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References (145)

References

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